Device allowing the rapid and continuous drawing of parallel lines or bands, especially in view of making polychromatic screens for color photography



March 26, 1929. c, 5 BERCEGQL v 1,706,774

DEVICE ALLOWING THE RAPID AND CONTINUOUS DRAWING OF PARALLEL LINES 0R BANDS, ESPECIALLY IN VIEW OF MAKING POLYCHROMATIC SCREENS FOR COLOR PHOTOGRAPHY Original Filed Dec. 2. 1922 2 's s 1 Jwemce ol March 1929- R. c. M. DE BERCEGOL 1,706,774

DEVICE ALLOWING THE RAPID AND CONTINUOUS DRAWING OF PARALLEL LINES OR BANDS, ESPECIALLY IN VIEW OF MAKING POLYCHROMATIC SCREENS FOR COLOR'PHOTOGRAPHY Original Filed Dec.'2. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 26, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

RAYMOND CAMILL'E MARIE m: BEROEGOL, OF LISIEUX, FRANCE.

DEVICE ALLOWING THE RAPID AND CONTINUOUS DRAWING OF PARALLEL LINES OR BANDS, ESPECIALLY IN VIEW OF MAKING IOLYCHROMATIC SCREENS FOR COLOR- PHOTOGRAPHY.

and this application filed September 3,

This applicationis a divisional of my co- -pending application filed Dec. 2, 1922, Ser. 604,548. 7

One of the diiferent means priorly proposed for establishing screens with polychromatic divisions in color-photography, consists in automatically situating the three required colors by means of a successive drawing or tracing of parallel furrows or grooves in a transparent sheet which has been previously covered with one of these colors. These grooves uncover the inner non-colored part of the support and allow, due to an insulating agent previously spread 1 over the whole surface, to color only, without any registering, the parts which have been thus uncovered.

The gelatine, which is the only insulating medium proposed for obtaining the result in taking as a support a sheet of celluloid or a' coat of collodion spread upon glass, has the serious disadvantage to dry very slowly and to render it impossible to make rapidly the three-color screen, a very long pause intervening between each run. Furthermore it olfers a certain resistance to the drawing tool. The disadvantage, even at a less degree, still exists when making use of-varnishes or gums and some of the latter show, besides this, the disadvantage of making it. impossible to draw or dig hollow plain lines.

The present invention has for its purpose to remedy these serious disadvantages and to allow, namely by means of the very simple device which will be hereinafter described, to make the three series of microscopic colored elements, in the support itself, in a single operation comprising, it is true, several runs, but-being effected without any interruption, so that a film, without any color for instance, can be within a few minutes, for a single machine, converted into a threecolor screen capable of being used for the color-photography.

The present invention consists essentially in replacing the gelatine or the varnishes by V a substance which is impervious to Water or alcohol and is soft such as: wax, tallow, arafline, stearine, etc. according to the color used which thus constitutes, no longer a vars -nish, but a more or less soft coating, which can be spread if necessary by simple conof the-drawing given by way posed elements orange-red, green and violet-blue, in the Serial no. 604,548; and in France December 5,1921. Divided 1924. Serial No. 735,719.

tact or by rubbing and capable at once to act as a provisory protector of the colors already absorbed by the support. According to this new process nothing hinders the operations to take place one after the other, without any interruption, which means an advantage of a very great industrial interest. Moreover the drawing tool can easily enter this soft coating.

This principle can be carried out by means of the device which is hereinafter described and schematically represented in Figure 1 of example, and can be used for making rapidly screens -with polychromatic divisions.

Figs. 1 and 1 are plan viewsof left and right portions respectively of a preferred form of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the portion of the machine illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a modification of the means for the film coating;

removing portions of elevation of devlces Fig. 4 is a front shown in Fig. 3

Figs. 5 to 9 illustrate furthermodifications of the coating removing means.

for example, it is wanted, to

Supposing, make a netting composed of small juxtaof the three selected colors:

thickness of a film as used for photography or cinematography.

The colorless film a, placed upon a moving apron, is first covered over its whole surface, by means-of a. distributing device b of any construction, of an orange-red coloring matter dissolved in alcohol for example. After having moved during the time which is necessar to allow this color to soak sufficiently ew seconds), this film is submitted to the action of a Water spray 0 Which drives out the excess of color and to that of a blower d which dries the same.- A roller e (or a pad or any suitable similar device) spreads over the whole surface, a very thin layer of wax in its natural state or softened in a dissolving agent, which is at, once evaporated; this layer or coatingis at once ready to perform its duty as an insulating medium.

A tool f with multiple microscopic teeth,- hereinafter described in detail, draws shalfor instance of the support.

low parallel furrows or grooves in the film throu h the relatively soft layer or coating and t us removes a portion of the coating The part a of the film' thus prepared and still carrying on to move receives the green color supplied from a feeder b and also dissolved in alcohol which, although being spread over the whole surface, only locates itself in these grooves with out interfering with the interspaces protected by the wax. The excess of this color is driven away a little further, as already stated, by a spray dried by a blower (F. The film continuing to advance is'again covered with wax by a roller 0 and just after can be submitted to the action of a second tool f with multiple teeth making grooves at right angle to the first ones or interposed between the latter. Since this tool removes ortions of the colored superficial coating rom the film, it will be understood that the spreading of the violet-blue over the whole surface will cause only the coloration of the second series of grooves or furrows and that after washing and drying, the three-color netting will be constituted without any colorless interval or any superposition, as suitable when the film comes to the end of its motion. It would be possible, by the same means, to locate four or five different colors.

v If gelatine is used for the support, it is then necessary to use as insulating agent, tallow, grease, etc.

The process can also be'used for making three-color screens on glass coated with gelatine or collodion.

Figures 3 to 8 show different constructions of a mechanical device with continuous motion especially devised for the industrial preparation of the above stated screens, but also capable of being applied tomany other uses.

This device has for itspurpose to draw very quickly either bands, or parallel grooves or hollows, whatever the thinness of the same may be.

It is particularl adapted for working upon soft sheets photographic films, pa pers, etc.) but can also be used for drawing upon rigid surfaces.

It allows namely to cross lines diagonally at any angle, this arrangement being the most suitable for the netted screens used in color-photography.

The device is essentially composed of: 1st,

two Wheels 71;, or a greater number of same, preferably horizontally arranged and connected together by a sort of endless saw 2' (band saw) for which no path has been provided; 2nd, of a carriage j, or moving apron, the advance motion of which depends strictly on that of the said wheels, through the roller is and the gears Z, for example, and arranged parallelly to these wheels, so

the film being then that the teeth of the saw come in contact with the surface thereof. any deflection of the band.

Figures 3 and 4 show schematically the essential parts of the device in its most common form. The photographic film a moves over the carriage j and the teeth of the saw i dig during its passage distinct grooves or hollows therein. In fact, .in virtue of the advancing motion of the film, each tooth draws its line in parallelism to that of the preceding tooth and the result is the formation of continuous grooves which are but slightly deflected, but all parallel. Figure 3 shows this tracing in n, the intervals being exaggerated for the sake of more clearness.

The width and the number of these lines, as well as their interspacing, can be regulated at will. In fact, the width depends on that of the teeth which can be thinned as such as wanted by means of a lateral sharpening; the number and the interval depend on the ratio between the speeds of the saw and the apron and also the number of teeth.

If it is desired to draw two series of parallel grooves or lines diagonally of different width and intersecting each other so as to make a quadrille, it is only necessary to dispose obliquely and in a reverse direction on the path of the apron, two similar devices provided with tools suited to the widths which are to be obtained, Fig. 5. In this case, in order that the teeth of the band reach the sheet only once for every turn, the wheels .or the apron can be slightly inclined.

However, if the lines or grooves are to be of the same width, a single toothed band guided by three or four rollers, as indicated by the schematic views 7 and 8, will draw still more simply the same kind of lines, the teeth acting at A and A according to two difi'erent directions.

inally, when a drawing of curved lines is useful or without any inconvenience, the device can be simplified in using a single wheel or arms carrying. at the periphery, either the toothed band or the drawing tools, Figure 6. This figures shows four tools 0 secured to the rim of the wheel.

In this case the tool can consist of a flexi- 'ble needle or pin abutting agaiI st the very Ehin edge of the rule lying flat upon the The schemes 3 to 8 serve only to show the kind of drawings or tracings which the machine can make. It is well understood that, in any case, the motion of the tools and the motion of the sheet to be ruled can'be made dependent the one on the other.

It is obvious that the same band guided by rollers could pass again over the apron many times according to any directions and thus draw various regular figures.

Rollers m prevent Although it would be difiicult to obtain with this modification a-continuous operation, there can also be provided a fixed apron, the Wheels and the tool-carrying band having simultaneously imparted thereto a circular and a progressive motion.

I claim:

1. In an-.apparatus for forming a polychrome film, means for longitudinally advancing said film, a plurality of color spread crs, a coating device disposed between adjacent spreaders, and a groove forming tool disposed between each coatin device and the next succeeding spreader 1n the direction of the advance of said film.

2. In an apparatus as claimed in claim 1,

the combination with washing and drying devices adjacent each spreader- 3. In an apparatus as claimed in claim 1, said tool comprising a plurality of cutting elements moving over said film in directions at right angles to each other and angularly with respect to the direction of movement of said film.

The foregoing specification of my Prooess and device allowing the rapid and continuous drawing of parallel lines or bands, especially in view of making polychromatic screens for the color-photography signed by me this 20th day of August, 1924.

RAYMOND CAMILLE MARIE do BERCEGOL 

